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Korean J Orthod 2024; 54(1): 1-2 https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod54.0001RF
First Published Date January 25, 2024, Publication Date January 25, 2024
Copyright © The Korean Association of Orthodontists.
Changbeom Kwon
Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Seong-Sik Kim, Yong-Il Kim, Soo-Byung Park, Sung- Hun Kim
Three-dimensional evaluation of the pharyngeal airway space in patients with anterior open bite.
- Korean J Orthod 2023;53:358-364
I appreciate the authors’ hard work on the study. I have some questions to fully understand what this study are holding in terms of academic and clinical knowledge.
Q1. Are the anteroposterior length and transverse width defined according to the shape of one slice along re-oriented z axis of the whole cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images or along the curved principal axis, which might have been calculated, of the air way?
Q2. Is there any specific reason to exclude Class III open bite samples? And only male samples were included in the study. Please explain the reason for such study design if any.
Q3. Could you please share your opinion how the results of this study could be used in clinical situations of diagnosis and treatment planning?
Questioned by
Changbeom Kwon
Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
We appreciate your thoughtful questions, which help us to refine our study.
A1. The three-dimensional images from CBCT were re-oriented. The Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane was used as the horizontal reference plane. The plane vertical to the FH plane and crossing the nasion and basion was used as the vertical reference plane (VRP). The sagittal slice of the VRP was chosen to allow the software to evaluate the airway. The InVivo5 program (Anatomage, San Jose, CA, USA) used in this study automatically measured the volume and the part showing minimal constriction only if the upper and lower limits of the pharyngeal airway space were provided with a threshold.1 Nevertheless, there remain concerns regarding the measurement of airways using CBCT.2
A2. Many studies3-5 have compared the differences in the pharyngeal airway space in relation to the anteroposterior skeletal pattern, but their results are controversial. Therefore, we excluded patients with Class III malocclusion to minimize the effects of the anteroposterior skeletal pattern.
A3. This study allows for one more reason to treat a patient with an anterior open bite (AOB). Understanding the growth of the craniofacial area is crucial to an orthodontist. An orthodontist must understand the growth mechanism of patients with AOB and provide complete care to these patients. Treatment options, such as the tongue crib and lingual cleat, might alter the pharyngeal airway space in these patients.
Replied by
Sung-Hun Kim
Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
Korean J Orthod 2024; 54(1): 1-2 https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod54.0001RF
First Published Date January 25, 2024, Publication Date January 25, 2024
Copyright © The Korean Association of Orthodontists.
Changbeom Kwon
Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Seong-Sik Kim, Yong-Il Kim, Soo-Byung Park, Sung- Hun Kim
Three-dimensional evaluation of the pharyngeal airway space in patients with anterior open bite.
- Korean J Orthod 2023;53:358-364
I appreciate the authors’ hard work on the study. I have some questions to fully understand what this study are holding in terms of academic and clinical knowledge.
Q1. Are the anteroposterior length and transverse width defined according to the shape of one slice along re-oriented z axis of the whole cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images or along the curved principal axis, which might have been calculated, of the air way?
Q2. Is there any specific reason to exclude Class III open bite samples? And only male samples were included in the study. Please explain the reason for such study design if any.
Q3. Could you please share your opinion how the results of this study could be used in clinical situations of diagnosis and treatment planning?
Questioned by
Changbeom Kwon
Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
We appreciate your thoughtful questions, which help us to refine our study.
A1. The three-dimensional images from CBCT were re-oriented. The Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane was used as the horizontal reference plane. The plane vertical to the FH plane and crossing the nasion and basion was used as the vertical reference plane (VRP). The sagittal slice of the VRP was chosen to allow the software to evaluate the airway. The InVivo5 program (Anatomage, San Jose, CA, USA) used in this study automatically measured the volume and the part showing minimal constriction only if the upper and lower limits of the pharyngeal airway space were provided with a threshold.1 Nevertheless, there remain concerns regarding the measurement of airways using CBCT.2
A2. Many studies3-5 have compared the differences in the pharyngeal airway space in relation to the anteroposterior skeletal pattern, but their results are controversial. Therefore, we excluded patients with Class III malocclusion to minimize the effects of the anteroposterior skeletal pattern.
A3. This study allows for one more reason to treat a patient with an anterior open bite (AOB). Understanding the growth of the craniofacial area is crucial to an orthodontist. An orthodontist must understand the growth mechanism of patients with AOB and provide complete care to these patients. Treatment options, such as the tongue crib and lingual cleat, might alter the pharyngeal airway space in these patients.
Replied by
Sung-Hun Kim
Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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